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Anmeldung in English : what is it ?
Anmeldung, from the german An/melden, to register, this is one of the most important administrative pre-requisite to an easy and fast settlement in Berlin or anywhere in Germany.
It is simply the fact of registering yourself as living at a specific address in Germany.
When doing so, you will be given the “Anmeldungbescheinigung” , literally “Registration certificate”. Every German citizen or new comer in Germany is supposed to register within 14 days after moving in a new house or flat.
This little innocent piece of paper will be necessary in many aspects. You will be asked that paper if you want to open a bank account, set up an internet connection or simply obtain a tax number.
It’s obvious, to register your flat with the Anmeldung, you need to have found one. Now if you haven’t found your flat, don’t panic! A simple letter from a friend or from the people letting you stay at their place will be enough to register. Same goes in case of a sublet situation.
My advice if you are to stay in Berlin or in Germany for less than 4 months :
The Anmeldung may not be a necessary step if you plan to stay for a semester or less than 4 months. You can then be considered as a tourist for this period. However you won’t be able to open any internet or electricity contract, so make sure you can sort that out through other ways (like through a sublet for example). If you want a mobile phone, simply use a pre-paid offer from Blue, Lidl mobile or equivalent.
All you need to do the Anmeldung is :
- Bring your ID
- Bring your tenancy or sublet contract. If you are simply temporarily staying at a friend’s or a relative’s while looking for something more permanent, have them write and sign a letter stating that you are staying with them. Here is a draft you can use.
- Bring a confirmation that you have moved in from your landlord (document below or here)
- Fill in that form called “Anmeldung bei einer Meldebehörde” that you get at the entrance of any Bürgeramt or here
- Go to the nearest Bürgeramt of you area (list below)
- Have patience
Unless you have an appointment, you will have to wait between 1h and 2h before you can actually meet a city employee that will magically type in all the info you provided in da computer. It only lasts about 5min and voila ! You are done with the Anmeldung.
The Anmeldung is an administrative process that is normally compulsory as it’s how the German state tracks population. However; it won’t be the end of the world if you do it a bit later than required. It took for example for me almost 1 year to perform that.
How to get an appointment at the Bürgeramt fast
Booking an appointment is highly recommended to avoid lengthy waiting times (For Berlin, use this link and scroll down). However the demand for appointements is so high that the first available slot is usually weeks away. A tip to get an appointment in the next few days instead is to check the booking system at 8 a.m. This is when the whole system is refreshed and it often shows open slots when it didn’t a few minutes before (in Berlin anyway). Increase your chances by doing a city-wide search. Sometimes, you can even get something for the same day!
Et voila, you are on the fast track!
Notes
- During the Anmeldung, you will also be able to notify that you need a tax card and number (Steuernummer), you will need that if you decide to find a job in Germany. For some reason, when I did my Anmeldung, I never received the said tax number. I had to go then to the Tax center (Finanzamt) to get it myself. You can find more information about the tax card (Lohnsteuerkarte) and the Finanzamt here.
- Update February 2016 : The city has set-up a special phone number to get an express service if you are in a hurry to do your Anmeldung.
Just call that new number to get an appointment asap : 030 – 9024 990 (07-20 Uhr). - If you are impatient like me or don’t want to spend 2 hours with loud kids, you can simply make an appointment through the website of your local Bürgeramt around 2 weeks in advance.
- You have the possibility to let the administration know what your religion is. Be aware that if you do so, you will be eligible for an extra tax in case you decide to stay longer. I just choose to state that I was an atheist.
FAQ
- “I am subletting a room. Do i really need to have the Wohnungsgeberbestätigung filled in by the landlord? Can the main tenant do it?”
The german administration wants landlords to fill in that document to confirm that you moved in. This also makes sure that the landlord is aware of the sublet, which is required by law. Although i cannot recommend you to do it, it seems that some people have had the main tenant filled it in and gotten away with it. It seems that the Bürgeramt employees don’t care and don’t check. It’s up to you to take that risk. - “I am subletting a room but the main tenant doesn’t want me to register there. Why?”
This probably means that they are not allowed to sub-rent their room. They maybe live in a WBS flat or they haven’t let the landlord know about it. This is a bad bet if you need to register to start working and stuff. - “Which Bürgerämter accept people without appointements? The next available appointment online or when i call is in 3 weeks, i need something sooner.”
Each Bürgeramt seems to have its own policy regarding appointments. The best is maybe to call one to check with them. If they do accept walk-ins, go queue there 30min before opening time to make sure you have a ticket. - “Do i need to register at a Bürgeramt in the Bezirke where i live?”
You can register at any Bürgeramt in Berlin. This is especially useful if you need to register fast. You can travel to a less popular Bezirke that has less traffic to get an appointement sooner. - “I need to register fast & i don’t have time to register or/and i’m afraid to do mistakes because of the language, can i send someone else to do it for me?”
Absolutely. Someone can represent you and do all this for you provided this person has all the required documents together with your ID/Passport.
Anmeldung in Berlin : list of Bürgeramt per city district
Here is a complete list of all Bürgerämter to make an appointment with one of them. You can also scroll down to see some districts here after.
If you don’t live in another city than Berlin, simply enter your postal code on this page to find out where to go.
Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg:
Bürgeramt 1
Yorckstr. 4 – 11, 10965 Berlin, Main Entrance, 3rd Floor
website
Bürgeramt 2
Schlesische Str. 27 A, 10997 Berlin
website
Bürgeramt 3
Frankfurter Allee 35/37, 10247 Berlin, Entrance B
website
Neukölln
Bürgeramt Rathaus Neukölln
Karl-Marx-Str. 83
12043 Berlin – Neukölln
website
Mitte
Bürgeramt 1
Mathilde-Jacob-Platz 1
10551 Berlin
website
Bürgeramt 2
Karl-Marx-Allee 31
10178 Berlin
website
Bürgeramt 3
Müllerstr. 147
13353 Berlin
website
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Rathaus Charlottenburg
Otto-Suhr-Allee 100,
10585 Berlin.
website
Hohenzollerndamm
Hohenzollerndamm 177,
10713 Berlin.
website
Heerstr.
Heerstr. 12,
14052 Berlin.
website
569 Comments
Hello! Your posts have been so helpful with my transition to Germany! Thank you so much.
I have a question about the anmeldung and haven’t come across a conclusive answer. A little backstory: I had planned to live in Berlin and scheduled my visa appointment months ago for May in Berlin (did my research and learned appointments are booked really far in advance). Plans changed a bit and I’m thinking to stay in Hamburg and have the opportunity to register at a flat here. Can I still keep my visa appointment in Berlin and show up with an anmeldung registration from Hamburg? Thanks so much!
Hi Stefica. I am no expert in visa applications but yes, i guess it is, unless the application process requires you to insert your exact address when booking an appointment. It is maybe best to ask the Ausländerbehörde directly.
Thank you for this information.
I signed a contract with the tenant and she is not allowing me to register because the landlord doesn’t know about it.
I didn’t move in yet, can I cancel the contract since she is not telling the landlord?
She said she will ask him but in case he says no, can I cancel the contract and not pay the rent??
Hi Miryam. This is just an opinion but my guess would be yes because the landlord must be made aware if there is a subtenant. If the landlord was not aware, then the contract is not valid.
Hi! Your blog has been very helpful! Me and my boyfriend landed in Berlin two weeks again and yesterday we have finally done our Anmeldung.
So here’s a question maybe you would be able to help us.. I used to live in Rotterdam (Holland); once I registered with the City Hall, they give me an ID card in around 1 week. Obviously, this time when I register (Anmeldung), I was not asked for my fingerprint or a photo, so I believe there will be no German ID card for me..
My question is.. is it a must to have a German ID card or I can use my own passport? If I do want a German national ID card, am I allowed to and how should I apply for it? I have checked some websites but not much information given to non-German.
Thanks in advance!
Hi there. You can use your own passport.
Hey, how are you? I have a question! I need to do Anmeldung and I was wondering if you did it with the letter of a friend stating you live in there place? If you did it like that I assume it’s still valid? Thanks!
Hey! How are you?
I am here in Berlin doing a mandatory internship (I study in Denmark) for 5 months. It seems that I don’t need the taxID because I will not pay taxes over my salary. Do I need to have the anmeldung? I can not find a flat yet, and all the options are without possible registration.
Thanks!
Hello,
This is Karthik. I have got my residence registered on 31.01.2018 in Berlin. However I haven’t got the tax number yet. I heard that a letter will be sent in post to my address, but it’s been more than 15 days. Is there a way to track this or a way to get the tax number? Thanks in advance
Hi Karthik. See this post.
Thanks a lot
Hello, could anyone that recently done this confirm that a letter from a friend still really works? Thanks a lot!
worked for me even without the letter and the contract.
which Bürgeramt did you go to? Were you not asked to provide a form signed by the landlord? has anyone else had this experience? Thanks so much!
Hey. We went to the burgeramt in schöneweide, we brought only ID, the filled out form, and a letter from our friend who we are living with. Worked out fine!
Wow! Such an informative site – thank you for putting it all together.
I am coming to Dusseldorf (not Berlin, but…) from the U.K. I will stay at a hotel for a few weeks to a month to get myself sorted. Seeing as I have to register within 14-days, can I register with a hotel address (I assume not)?! Therefore do you happen to know what to do in this case? Can I register after I have found a place to live (will this involve leaving the country and coming back in?) Is it a big problem if I don’t register within 14-days?
I don’t suppose you know…?
Hi Karen. No one will tell you anything if you can’t register within 14 days. You can in theory register at a hotel/hostel but it’s rare that a hotel manager will let you do that and provide the right documents.
Hi Bastien,
Many many thanks for your website, it’s very useful for newbies like us! Just an update we think will be useful for everyone: we went yesterday to register our residence in Berlin ( first time) at Rathaus Mitte. They did not charge anything, and they said that we will receive in the mail the Tax Number from the fiscal authorities. So they no longer issue that.
Hi . Im from India and im staying at a hotel in Berlin and im studying in Berlin as well for rent now. I have my cousin brother staying in frankfurt and he has his own house . Is it possible if i do the anmeldung in Frankfurt and come and stay in a rented appartment where anmeldung is not possible. Will that affect my further processes or visa extension proceedures?
Hi Asish. That could be a good temporary solution in my opinion yes but beware that you might have to do frequent travels to Frankfurt to make some admin stuff sometimes.
Hi. Thanks for the post.
I am a British citizen from the UK.
Does the Burgerampt or the finance office automatically notify any agency in the UK of registration?
This is critical because I am only reistering a second address in Berlin for term time as a student and my UK address is paid for by housing support .T heres now a law in the UK that any British citizen living abroad 3 months or more loses all entitlements to NHS treatment or benefits. I have already had the nasty experience of a massive bill for routine NHS appointments after a short time away and had to prove that I was continuously resident in the UK.
Basically, to recap, do the German authorities routinely pass on any kind of declaration of residence in Germany to UK authorities? Obviously they would if asked for police or security matters but thats not the issue, only routine officialdom.
Thanks for any help.
Mike.
Hi Mike. I don’t know. I never heard of this before.
Hi,
I am moving to Berlin from Leipzig. Do I need to wait in line in person to re-register my new address or can I simply send something in by post?
Thank you, Doris
Hi Doris. You need to be there in person with your person ID doc, or someone can represent you, as mentioned in the post.
Hello Mr. Bastien
I’m 30 years old guy from Kosovo and got a 3-year working contract from one Restaurant in Germany. Now the owner of restaurant is asking me 400 euros for so-called caution for apartment in order to have a residency address.
Do I need that address in order to get my working visa in Embassy? I think its only a scam ,,,
Hi Jim. I am sorry; i am not knowledgeable in visa issues. However, asking for a deposit to a tenant for an apartment is common practice. Just make sure this doesn’t turn into some blackmailing situation.
Thank you for your article.
We are Cyprus citizens and Cyprus tax payers. We bought a flat in Berlin as a holiday home since our primary residence is in Cyprus. The flat will be ready in April 2018. We will be visiting Berlin for few weeks every year. We have been told that if we do the normal registration we will get a German tax number and then have a tax file. However, they told us that there is a second type of registration when the flat in Berlin is not our primary residence. is this true? With this type of registration we do not get automatically a tax number but we are able to get parking permit, internet contracts etc.
Thanks
Hi Haris. I don’t have that kind of information for non-residents. Sorry.
Hi! Thanks for sharing this. I will be in Frankfurt with my full family and I’m staying at an Airbnb temporarily (33 days aprox.) while I look for a more long-term apartment. Is the Airbnb receipt accepted for Anmeldung? Do they asked as well kids birth certificate and marriage certificate in German translation copy. Please reply to me soon.
Hi there. The documents you need to register are listed in the post. An airbnb receipt is not on the list.
Hello,
Thank you for the great website!
My colleague told me that it would be possible to do “a temporary anmeldung” because I don’t have a flat yet. I will be staying in “a business apartment” / hotel for a month. Do you know if that really is possible and if the process is somehow different in this case than with the regular one? If you know this system, do you know how it is called in German?
Hi Tml. I have never heard of special procedure like this. You can register at the apartment or hotel if the landlord agrees to that.
This is very helpful, though I’m a bit confused. I’m from the USA and have just moved here. I have signed a lease for an apartment and am now looking to get residency as a freelancer. Do I need to go to the Auslanderbehorde in Wedding or Charlottenberg, or can I apply for this same residency at a Burgeramt? When I sign up for an appointment at the Auslanderbehorde they made me specify which residency I was applying for, and the first appointment wasn’t for months. But at the Burgeramt I could make one for next week. I would appreciate any insight!
Hi Ty. I think you need to clear that out with the Foreigner’s office.
Hi! Great article, thank for sharing! I just arrived in Berlin and I’m staying at an Airbnb temporarily (50 days aprox.) while I look for a more long-term apartment. Is the Airbnb receipt accepted for Anmeldung? Danke!
Hi, my boyfriend and I have the most amazing sublet except she won’t let us register, we are registered at our old apartment but obviously need to de register will this cancel our work permits? I’m so stressed
Hi Nat. I have no experience in visa related issues so i can’t tell you how it can impact your work permit sorry.
Hello, is the registration free of charge? I just registered online but they sent me a note with these sentences “Payment Information:
At the site can only be paid with girocard (with PIN) (formerly EC card). (no cash payment)”. But I wouldn’t have the bank card ready!
Please let me know, thank you!
I just registered, and also thought because of that note that there would be a fee, but registration is free. The visa is what costs!
Hi!
1st, I am right now settling in Berlin, and I want to thank you for creating this amazing website, which has been such a help for me, and still is! 🙂
Let’s get to the point: I did my anmeldung today without any appointment, within 1 hour and with friendly and competent staff. Here is the place to go:
Bürgeramt Berlin Pankow, Breite Str. 24a-26, 13187 Berlin.
Why is it not on the list?? 😉 Add it please, this is my golden nugget to you guys!
Keep sharing good tips, cheers,
Antoine
Hi Bastien, in my case. I have an offer to do an internship outside Germany for 3 months. I am a non european student in Germany with a student visa. But the thing is, I have to leave my apartment as it is not possible to sublet it. Do you think it will be a problem if I come back after 3 months and then do a new anmeldung with a different address? Thank you for your help.
Hi Nura. I don’T see why this should be an issue. You have a right to change adresses.
Hi there,
I will start a new job in Germany from the 1st of January ( IT consultant) , and I will be living mostly in hotels throughout Germany during the week and go back to my home country on the weekends (EU)… Because I will stay more than 183 days per year in Germany I have to register with an address and also at the Finanzamt… Question: can I register my address in Germany on my hiring companies address? Also the fiscal registration?
Regards,
Karl
Hi Karl. This is quite unheard of; why don’t you ask your HR people?
Hey, thanks for the article. My issue is I am changing my address, but I am over twelve months late in doing so. I have read around that there are fines for this, and was just wondering if you have any info on these fines? Thanks!
Hi Matthew, yes there are fines, but i have never heard of them being enforced. I don’t know about the amounts.
This is perfect, thank you!
One question – do my boyfriend and I need to have separate appointments or are we able to go to the same one? We are living together but not married.
Thanks!
Hi Emily. You can go together.
Hello! I just moved to Berlin a few days ago for job interviews. I am under the visitor’s visa and planning to stay at AirBnB homes for the next three months.
My question is: Would I need to do Anmeldung? Would it be a problem later that I didn’t do Anmeldung until I land a job and find a permanent address? Your advice would be greatly appreciated. Many thanks!
Hi Clara. In theory, if you are staying as tourist, there is no need to register. If you plan to find a job and settle here, it’s probably a good idea to take care of that as soon as possib.e
Really good article!
Another Tip for those who still haven’t learned German and don’t want to be translating the form to fill it up!
There is a multi-lingual Chatbot of Fb Messenger, AiRelo, that assists you to get the main form in German through some next step questions, and in less than 10 min (what it took me to use it) you have the form completed in German in your email inbox.
This link brings you to the chat- https://www.messenger.com/t/AiReloMe
Hope this is a useful tip! 8)
Hi, Do you know if taking a letter from a friend to say you are staying there on a temp basis still works? I was told by someone this is no longer the case. Would the only docs I then need be my passport, the letter from my friend and their lease for registering? I am struggling to find an address to register and keen to find work
Hi Sara, all the documents listed in the post are required.
Do you need to show proof of health insurance in order to register for the anmeldung? I thought I read this somewhere, but don’t see it on the list of requirements here. Thank you for a really great and informative website.
Hi Daniel. No, that’s not needed.
This has been such a useful article, there is VERY little info online?! I’m an aussie moving over in January – I already have a working holiday visa. My question is, can I do my anmeldung whilst in Germany priory to actually moving there (currently in London)? I also don’t have somewhere to live yet, however, I do have a contract from an employer as I have been offered a job. Can I take this instead? Or use a hotel confirmation? I need my registration complete to obtain a tax number so I can be paid. Ideally I need to be paid while I am staying in an air bnb looking for a fixed address. Any ideas? THANK YOU
Hi Tanya, you are in the same vicious circle as many people: you need a place in Germany to register here, temporary or not. You need a paper from a landlord/main tenant so you can register. If you manage to find that, then you are good to go, regardless of the rest.
Hi guys, i know some things are changing during the period of time… is it still really ok to have a letter from a friend where i am temporarily staying? I know in the post it says so… but have seen somwehere its necessary to have a letter from the owner… Thank you so much! My german is still not that good so am not sure if i translated everything well.
Hi Annie, in theory yes, the letter always has to be from the owner has by law, the owner has to be aware who is living there. SOme people use their friends to fill that in and it seems to be enough for a lot of cases.
Do you need just one appointment for a family registering together? We are a couple with one child. Thanks!
Yes, it’s fine.
Thanks for this very useful article!
I have a quick question: I research a little bit about it without finding a simple response, maybe you can help. Can I register for someone else if I have all their documents? Or do I need an additional power of attorney in their name? If yes, would you have a link/example I could use? Thanks in advance for your time!
Hi Liz. The answer is in the post. Please read again.
Hi,
I am of Indian origin and have been living in Berlin since April, 2016. I did the city registration in May, 2016 and received the Anmeldung successfully. Now my wife would be joining me in couple of months. She went for her Visa Interview at the German Embassy in India. There she was asked for proof of accommodation in Germany. She provided them with a copy of my Anmeldung. The Visa Executive said that the Anmeldung should bear the date of within last six months. So do I need to again get a new Anmeldung for the same address. As far as I know City Registration is a one time activity and needs to be done again only when I move to a different address. Please tell me if my knowledge is correct and what should I tell the Visa Representatives at the German Embassy in India?
Hi Puneet, i think they probably mean that the stamp on the Anmeldungsbescheinigung should be made within the last 6 months. Not the registration itself but the document that serves a proof. You might need to get a new copy at your local Bürgeramt.
Hi! Thanks for all the useful info! Does anyone know which Burgerämter receive you without an appointment? The one I am trying to go says that it is only with appointment…
Hello I’m Tom,
This artical is amazing and I’ve been searching for something like this for hours. Thank you.
I have one question and it’s a little off subject so completely understandable if you can’t awnser it.
I’m a New Zealander, I’ve been living in berlin for 2 days in an air bnb. I want to start working as soon as possible. New Zealanders don’t need a visa to enter germany but to work we need to get one in the country. My question is; Do I need a Anmeldungbescheiningung (registration certificate) to get a temporary working visa/ working holiday visa?
Hi Tom. I’m not knowledgeable in visa issues, sorry.
No you don’t – but you do need it to obtain a tax number, which is what employers in German require to pay you.
Hello,
I have a question. My girlfriend is coming from our home country and she’ll be living with me. She has to do her Anmeldung and I asked the landlord the document that she’s going to live with me, but he said he can provide that only if we change the contract and add her name on it. I would like to avoid that hassle. So my question is can I use this letter you provided a sample? What else is necessary? Do I have to go in person with her? Do I have to provide any other document alongside this letter?
Thanks.
Hi Augusto, all answers are in the post. Unfortunately, the landlord defines the rules in this case. So in theory, she is not able to register at your place. What you do in practice is up to you.
Hello I am a student of SRH Berlin. I am doing my classes from Potsdam to Berlin which takes around 30 minutes. I am living with my friend. I have done my anmeldung in Potsdam Burgeramt office. I need to know for residence permit where should I apply. I can apply in Berlin foreign registration office or I have to apply in Potsdam.
Best regards
Hi,
today, I succesfully did my anmeldung (thanks to your tips). But at home I realized that on the document I received is wrong house number. What is the easiest way to resolve this? Do I need to go to burgeramt again and ask for a change? I am afraid that this way I wont receive my tax-id, which I need for the work.
David
Hi David. There is no magic way to do this, you need to go again to fix this.
Well after reading on multiple website and keeping your website as main info, I was prepared to be waiting for hour to do my regsitration (Anmeldung) without an appointment ( or termin as they call it here) and being annoyed along the way.
As adviced I just arrived 10 minutes before opening of the Burgeramt 08.00 AM and showed up at the informationdesk. The lady just wanted to know if I had the bestätigung des Wohnungsgebers (confirmationletter of your landlord/renter) and had to wait in the waitingroom until my waitingnumber she gave me showed up…at 08.24 AM and to my big surprise my turn was just a few mintues later…which I almost missed because I did not pa attention because I thought I would have to wait for 2 hours….haha……… so relieved.
I was registered promptly, they took a copy of my passport and they kept my confirmationletter of the landlord which i don’t need anymore) and she said I would receive my steuernummer in 2 weeks… well I almost want to believe her about the Steuernummer, because everything went surprisingly smoothly… so I advice you show up 15 minute before openingtime and you are one of the first to show up without a reservation (termin they call it here) it still can go very swiftly.
Good luck y’all!
Hi, can you please mention which Burgeramt was it?
Good stuff, thank you for that article.
I have a question, as I can’t seem to find any info on that in google.
We found a nice flat in Berlin, but our future Vermieter says she can’t give us Anmeldung, because she and her partner are only renting the flat to us for 3 months, after which they are coming back (we just rent the flat for 3 months to get started in Berlin) and they don’t want to de-register themselves. She wasn’t however sure if this is how it works herself…
Now my question is: is it not possible to register additional 2 people, on top of the originally 2 registered in a flat (e.g. is there some ‘limit’?) Also, is there any cost for the Vermieter related to us registering there?
I appreciate any advice!
Hi Dominik. To my knowledge, there is no such limitations. Also, there aren’t any costs.
Hello,
Thanks so much for this very useful information. If I send somebody to register on my behalf, do I need to sign a letter that confirms that they can act on my behalf? If yes, do you know if there is a template I can use.
Thanks!
Hi Chloe, this is a good question. Although it is not specified on the Berlin portal, it is a good idea. I dont’ know any templates though.
It might be useful to add that for those in a hurry, the website where you apply for an appointment updates the cancellations around 8am, and at that time you can find plenty of available appointments even for the same day or couple of days. When I did my Anmeldung, I checked the website around 8am, found an appointment at 11am on the same day and registered hassle free.
Hey Ana, how long ago was this? Is this recent? Would that still be the case? Dankee!
Hi Ana,
Could you please let me know the website you mentioned? It will be really helpful!
Thanks!
Thank you for the informative article. Is the letter from the “Hauptmieter” enough or does he also need to fill out the “Wohnungsgeberbestätigung”. Is a “Mietvertrag” required? The reason I’m asking is that a friend that recently registered was asked to provide the lease. Thank you!
Hi Samir, please the read the post again, the answer is in the FAQs. thanks.
Great article, thank you for enlightening us.
Our situation is; we are going to rent a place as untermieterins. and the Untermietvertrag will contain my friend’s name only not mine. This is the problem. However we will be living together. So for Anmeldung, is the letter that I’ll get from the HauptmieterIn enough and valid? Do I also have to get a letter from the landlord as well?
Looking forward to hearing from you. Thank you!
Hi Irem, as mentioned many times before; in theory, you have to have an authorization of the landlord but in practice, people get a letter from the Hauptmieter and get away with it.